Chihuahua health: common issues, life stages, and more
Chihuahua Health: Common Issues, Life Stages, and More
Laura Ballarin
September 9, 2023

As a Chihuahua owner, or if you are considering getting a Chihuahua, you want to know all about their health.
From understanding common issues to learning more about life stages and preventive care - you need the facts and best practices for ensuring your Chihuaha stays healthy.
Knowing what to watch out for can help keep your Chihuahua feeling great in every stage of life!

Chihuahua life stages explained
Understanding the various stages of a Chihuahua's life is crucial for the proper care and maintenance of this tiny breed. The average lifespan of a Chihuahua varies between 12-20 years with a multitude of health issues that come with age.
Chihuahua puppy health
Choosing to bring a Chihuahua puppy into your life is a serious decision that requires careful consideration. If you decide to get a Chihuahua, you have two options: getting one from a breeder or adopting one from a rescue.
Before bringing your Chihuahua home, make sure you have a solid plan for caring for them. Providing your Chihuahua puppy with regular vet checkups, a nutritious diet, plenty of exercise, and proper socialization will help ensure they live a long, healthy life.

Pregnant Chihuahua health
If you own a Chihuahua, chances are you are aware of the importance of their reproductive health. However, there is much more to this than meets the eye. One crucial aspect is being able to determine if your Chihuahua is pregnant, and knowing what to do for their care throughout the pregnancy.
This is especially important if you suspect an accidental or intentional mating with your Chi. Paying close attention to signs and symptoms of pregnancy can help ensure that your Chihuahua and her pups stay healthy, and provide peace of mind for owners during this potentially nerve-racking time.
Chihuahuas typically go through a heat cycle every six to nine months, lasting approximately 21 to 28 days. While this is a natural occurrence, it's important to monitor your Chihuahua during this time to ensure they remain healthy and happy.
Their first heat cycle can occur between six months to one and a half years old, and being aware of the timing of their relatives' cycles may give you some indication of when to expect their first cycle

Elderly Chihuahua health
As our dogs age, they may experience various health challenges. For Chihuahua friends, these challenges can be particularly concerning. From dental issues to vision and hearing loss, elderly Chihuahuas demand special attention and care.
It is important to monitor their daily routines, engage them in light exercise, and schedule regular veterinary check-ups to ensure their most pressing health issues are being addressed.

Most common Chihuahua health problems
Some of the most common health issues Chihuahuas face include dental problems, liver shunts, patellar luxation, and hypoglycemia.
It’s important to schedule regular veterinary check-ups to catch these issues early on and prevent more serious complications.
Chihuahua teeth health
When it comes to Chihuahua health, tooth problems are a genuine concern. Chihuahuas are known to have a number of dental issues, including overcrowding, cavities, periodontal disease, and even tooth loss.
Unfortunately, many Chihuahua owners underestimate the importance of dental care and fail to take preventive measures to protect their Chis' teeth. This can lead to painful dental problems and even bad breath.
It's important to prioritize your Chihuahua's oral health by regularly brushing their teeth, scheduling routine dental cleanings, and providing them with dental chews or toys to help keep their teeth clean.
A common question many people have is how many teeth does a Chihuahua have? The answer may surprise you - a healthy adult Chihuahua should have 42 teeth. That's right, just like humans, they have two full sets of teeth as they age.

Luxating patella
This condition occurs when the kneecap (patella) slips out of its normal position, causing discomfort, stiffness, and even limping in your Chihuahua. Early diagnosis and treatment of luxating patella in Chihuahuas are crucial to prevent further damage and discomfort.
Your veterinarian will conduct a thorough physical examination, including manipulating the joint to evaluate the degree of looseness.
Imaging tests, such as X-rays or an MRI, may also be needed for a more accurate diagnosis. Depending on the severity of the condition, treatment may range from pain management to surgery.

Seizures
Seizures in Chihuahuas can present with a variety of symptoms, including trachea-related issues, which can further exacerbate the condition.
Proper diagnosis and treatment for seizures are crucial for a Chihuahua's overall well-being, and it is imperative to seek immediate veterinary attention if you suspect your Chihuahua is suffering from seizures.
Collapsed trachea
This condition refers to when the cartilage rings supporting the windpipe weaken, causing the trachea to narrow and collapse. Sadly, the majority of the symptoms may not show up until the disease reaches an advanced stage. Common signs to watch out for include breathing difficulty, coughing, gagging or honking sounds, and exercise intolerance.
Diagnosing a collapsed trachea in your Chihuahua is best done through medical imaging, like X-rays and bronchoscopy. Treating the condition mainly involves non-pharmacological interventions like weight management, environmental changes, and harnesses over collars. But medication and surgical options may be considered for severe cases.

Eye problems
If you own a Chihuahua, it is important to observe your pup diligently for any symptoms that may indicate an eye problem, such as redness, tearing, or discomfort. In the event that your Chihuahua is displaying any of these signs, it is crucial to bring them to the veterinarian as soon as possible.
Cherry eye
Cherry-eye is a protrusion of the gland in the inner corner of the eye. Symptoms of cherry eye in Chihuahuas include inflammation, redness, and a visible pink or red bump in the corner of the eye.
If you suspect your Chihuahua has cherry eye, it is imperative to seek veterinary treatment immediately. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and may require imaging tests. Treatment options include medication to reduce inflammation, surgical removal of the gland, or a combination of both.

Red eyes
Red eyes in Chihuahuas are associated with a range of conditions, including allergies, infections, and injury. If you notice your Chihuahua exhibiting bloodshot eyes, excessive tearing, or swelling, it's important to take them to the vet immediately for a proper diagnosis.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a serious eye condition that can cause pain, vision loss, and even blindness if left untreated. Symptoms of glaucoma in Chihuahuas can include cloudiness in the eye, redness, and excessive tearing.
If you notice any of these symptoms, taking your Chihuahua to the vet for a proper diagnosis is crucial. Treatment options for glaucoma in Chihuahuas vary depending on the severity of the condition, but in many cases, medication and/or surgery may be required.
Cataracts
Cataracts in Chihuahuas occur when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, causing vision impairment or blindness. It is important to look out for symptoms such as cloudy eyes, difficulty seeing, and reluctance to navigate new spaces.
If you suspect your Chihuahua is suffering from cataracts, it is crucial to take them to a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis. While treatment options vary depending on the severity of cataracts, surgery may be necessary in some cases.

Conjunctivitis
Some symptoms of conjunctivitis in Chihuahuas include redness, swelling, discharge, and constant scratching at the affected eye. To properly diagnose conjunctivitis in your Chi, it is important to take them to the veterinarian for a thorough examination. Treatment options may include topical or oral antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and warm compresses.
The Chihuahua breed is known for its unmistakable bulging eyes, and while it's easy to find this trait charming, it's also important to consider the potential health concerns that come with it.
Bulging eyes can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying medical condition, so it's crucial to keep a watchful eye on your Chihuahua's health if you notice any changes in their eyes. However, it's worth noting that most of the time, this trait is benign and doesn't cause any major health problems.
It's important to note that excessive tearing in your Chihuahua could be a sign of an underlying health issue. Possible causes could range from eye infections to allergies and even dental problems. In order to properly diagnose the issue, it's important to seek professional veterinary help.

Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia in Chihuahuas occurs when a chihuahua's blood sugar levels dropped dangerously low. It can manifest in various symptoms, such as lethargy, tremors, confusion, and even seizures.
The causes can range from poor nutrition to stress. Treatment typically involves immediate administration of a high-carb meal and monitoring the dog's blood sugar levels closely.
Diabetes
Chihuahuas are prone to developing diabetes, which can be caused by various factors such as genetics, obesity, and poor diet. As responsible pet owners, you must keep an eye out for potential symptoms such as increased thirst and urination, weight loss, and fatigue.
Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment, which typically includes a combination of medication, dietary changes, and close monitoring of blood sugar levels.

Heart problems
Chihuahuas are known to develop heart diseases such as congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, mitral valve disease, and heart murmur.
These conditions affect the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as coughing, lethargy, and shortness of breath. While heart problems in Chihuahuas can be alarming, there are ways to manage and treat them with medications, lifestyle changes, and regular veterinary check-ups.
Ear problems
From allergies to parasites to bacterial infections, a variety of factors can cause ear problems in Chihuahuas. Some of the common symptoms of these ear issues include scratching, shaking the head, discharge, pain, and foul odor.
A veterinary examination is often necessary to accurately diagnose the specific problem and determine the proper course of treatment.
Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus, also known as "water on the brain," occurs when excessive cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull, causing pressure on the brain. Symptoms of hydrocephalus in Chihuahuas may include a swollen head, seizures, and difficulty walking.
While there is no cure for hydrocephalus, early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve the quality of life for your Chihuahua. This may include medications to reduce fluid buildup, surgery to insert a shunt to redirect fluid flow, or even regular monitoring to ensure the condition does not worsen.

Back problems
One common issue in small breeds like Chihuahuas is intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). This condition affects the spinal discs, causing them to bulge or burst, and can lead to severe pain, difficulty walking, and even paralysis if left untreated.
Symptoms can include yelping or crying out in pain, stiffness or weakness in the limbs, and reluctance to move or jump. If you suspect your Chihuahua is suffering from IVDD or any other back problem, it’s important to seek veterinary care immediately.
Treatment options may include medications, surgery, or physical therapy, depending on the severity of the condition.

Skin problems
A Chihuahua's skin is a sensitive and often overlooked aspect of their health. Skin problems can manifest in various ways, from redness and itchiness to scabbing and hair loss.
It's important for Chihuahua owners to be aware of the common causes of skin issues, such as allergies, parasites, and bacterial infections.
Seeking a proper diagnosis from a veterinarian is key in determining the best course of treatment, which may include medicated shampoos, prescription medications, or changes in diet.
One of the most concerning of these issues is hair loss. While it may seem like a minor concern, hair loss in Chihuahuas can actually be a symptom of a much larger problem. If left untreated, it can cause additional health issues and even lead to more severe skin conditions.

Reverse sneezing
Reverse sneezing is a common health issue that affects Chihuahuas. It is characterized by rapid inhalation and exhalation and can be frightening to pet owners. While it is not usually a cause for concern, it is important to understand its symptoms, causes, and treatment options.
Some common symptoms of reverse sneezing in Chihuahuas include snorting, wheezing, and gagging. It is often caused by allergies, irritants, or structural abnormalities in the nose and throat. Treatment options include massaging the throat and helping the Chihuahua to remain calm. If symptoms persist, it is important to seek veterinary care promptly.
Soft spot
This is a condition where the Chihuahua's soft spot on their head grows inwards, as opposed to outwards like a typical soft spot. This can cause headaches, seizures, and cognitive issues for your Chihuahua.
While the cause of this condition is not entirely clear, it's believed to be a genetic issue. As with any health concern, it's important to seek veterinary treatment for your Chihuahua if you suspect they are suffering from the reverse soft spot. Your veterinarian may recommend surgery or medications to manage the symptoms.

Kidney problems
When it comes to Chihuahua health, kidney problems can be a serious issue. Early detection is key to successful treatment, so it's important for owners to be aware of the symptoms.
These can include increased thirst and urination, vomiting, lethargy, and a loss of appetite. Potential causes can range from genetics to certain medications, but with proper care and attention, kidney problems can often be managed through a combination of medication and lifestyle changes.
Chihuahua Health, the FAQs
Why is my Chihuahua snoring?
Although it may be amusing to hear a small dog like a Chihuahua snoring loudly, these sounds could actually be a symptom of an underlying health issue. Snoring in dogs, including chihuahuas, can be caused by obesity, allergies, or respiratory problems.
Why do Chihuahuas shake so much?
Although many people find the sight of a shaking Chihuahua to be adorable, it's important to remember that this behavior may actually indicate a larger issue with their health. Many Chihuahuas shake due to anxiety or fear, and while some may be quick to dismiss this behavior as cute or harmless, it could be a sign that your furry friend is experiencing serious distress.